1 In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a global action plan on AMR, based on five objectives. Thus, it has to be addressed seriously as a global issue to be managed and controlled. It is expected to be the reason for ten million deaths per year by 2050. Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, pharmacists, AMR, Saudi Arabia, barriers, enablersĪntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an emergent global threat with a negative impact on the health system and the wider community. The participants found all the enablers – CPD activities, funded educational programs, allowing time for self-education, accessible educational resources and tools, annual evolution of competencies - to be relevant, with a mean of 4.12.Ĭonclusion: The study concluded that the barriers preventing the handling of AMR could be overcome through allowing pharmacists more time for self-directed continuous education, providing access to tools and online educational resources, and offering pharmacists funded courses to equip them with the knowledge, skills and competencies needed to handle AMR.
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The participants found all the barriers – insufficient background, in site education and training, limited time, limited CPD activities, limited educational tools and no free access to relevant clinical journals – to be relevant, with a mean of 4.05. Pharmacists have found that preparatory items/tasks, pharmacy college curriculum, pharmacy rotation, years of experience and self-education related to AMR handling to be natural, with a mean of 3.2. Three quarters (74.3%) had antimicrobial stewardship in place and around the same number (73.4%) were involved in handling infectious disease management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Just under half (41.7%) had between 6 and 10 years of work experience. Just under two thirds (62.4%) of participants were female and the majority (70.6%) worked as pharmacists. Results: A total of 109 participants were included in the study. The online questionnaire collected data regarding the enablers that have helped in preparing pharmacists to handle AMR and the barriers faced by pharmacy personnel in handling AMR, as well as the strategies used to overcome the identified barriers.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. The pharmacist is an important stakeholder in the healthcare system who plays a crucial role in avoiding AMR and implementing antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). Introduction: Saudi Arabia is one of the countries facing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). 1Intesive Care Unite, First Health Cluster in Eastern Province, Dammam Health Network, Dammam, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabiaĭepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, King Khalid University, PO BOX 1882, Abha, 61441, Saudi Arabia